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4. Linux Startup

We start the Linux kernel first from C code executed from ''startup_32:'' asm label:

|startup_32:
   |start_kernel
      |lock_kernel
      |trap_init
      |init_IRQ
      |sched_init
      |softirq_init
      |time_init
      |console_init 
      |#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES 
         |init_modules 
      |#endif 
      |kmem_cache_init 
      |sti 
      |calibrate_delay 
      |mem_init
      |kmem_cache_sizes_init
      |pgtable_cache_init
      |fork_init
      |proc_caches_init 
      |vfs_caches_init
      |buffer_init
      |page_cache_init
      |signals_init 
      |#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS 
        |proc_root_init 
      |#endif 
      |#if defined(CONFIG_SYSVIPC) 
         |ipc_init
      |#endif 
      |check_bugs      
      |smp_init
      |rest_init
         |kernel_thread
         |unlock_kernel
         |cpu_idle

The last function ''rest_init'' does the following:

  1. launches the kernel thread ''init''
  2. calls unlock_kernel
  3. makes the kernel run cpu_idle routine, that will be the idle loop executing when nothing is scheduled

In fact the start_kernel procedure never ends. It will execute cpu_idle routine endlessly.

Follows ''init'' description, which is the first Kernel Thread:

|init
   |lock_kernel
   |do_basic_setup
      |mtrr_init
      |sysctl_init
      |pci_init
      |sock_init
      |start_context_thread
      |do_init_calls
         |(*call())-> kswapd_init
   |prepare_namespace
   |free_initmem
   |unlock_kernel
   |execve

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